This report details how climate change is a profound and urgent reality for Scotland, presenting major risks to food production, health, and ecosystems. It argues that restoring a healthy, resilient natural environment is Scotland’s first line of defense, essential for both mitigating carbon emissions and adapting to rising temperatures and extreme weather like flooding and drought. It critically highlights that current policy efforts are too slow and outlines priority actions from agriculture and land use to marine protection to build a truly resilient future for Scottish communities and the natural environment.