Farm for Scotland’s Future

2022-2024

Farming is vital to Scotland’s future. As well as producing food, farmers and crofters manage three quarters of Scotland’s land. We need to ensure we have a vibrant and successful agriculture sector that looks after our environment, which in turn will underpin our food security for generations to come.

Yet at present, farming is Scotland’s second biggest source of climate emissions after transport, and it’s also a major cause of biodiversity loss. Our current farm funding system, a legacy of the EU Common Agricultural Policy, does very little for nature or the climate. 

Most of the money is spent on area-based ‘direct payments’, for which farmers are required to meet very few environmental conditions, and which disproportionately benefit a small number of large landowners while smaller scale farmers and crofters lose out.

In the summer of 2022, members of Scottish Environment LINK joined with farmers’ groups to launch the Farm for Scotland’s Future campaign, calling on the Scottish government to:

  • Replace the decades-old farm funding system with one that works for nature, climate and people
  • Ensure at least three quarters of public spending on farming supports methods that restore nature and tackle climate change
  • Support all farmers and crofters in the transition to sustainable farming.

Many of the organisations involved had been advocating for years for changes to government support and funding for farming, to better help and encourage farmers and crofters to produce food in harmony with nature and the climate.

Following the UK’s departure from the European Union, the Scottish government was in the process of developing new farming legislation, providing an important opportunity to change the system for the better.

The Farm for Scotland’s Future campaign was backed by more than 40 environment, farming and food organisations. Through thousands of petition signatures, emails to MSPs, letters and powerful personal messages to Cabinet Secretary Mairi Gougeon, campaign supporters in every part of the country made it clear that farming, and its interaction with nature and the climate, matter to Scotland’s people.

Our report, ‘Farm for Scotland’s Future: the case for change,’ set out the need for change, made the case for reform, and detailed farming practices which support nature, climate and food production.

The Agriculture and Rural Communities Bill

The Scottish government’s Agriculture and Rural Communities Bill was approved by parliament in June 2024. The organisations involved in our campaign worked hard to influence the bill, liaising with MSPs across political parties.

This was a ‘framework’ bill, meaning that the bulk of policies, guidance and legislation, would be developed after the bill had passed into law. However, our campaign achieved some significant wins within the bill, including:

  • enabling Scottish government ministers to set targets to reduce the impact of agriculture on the environment, for example by reducing overall pesticide use.
  • more detail in the government’s Rural Support Plan, which should help give farmers and crofters greater clarity on the aims of farming policy, what support is available to them, and what they’ll need to do in order to access it.
  • requiring government ministers to take independent expert advice, for example from organisations such as NatureScot and representatives from farming, crofting and rural communities, when preparing the Rural Support Plan.
  • better monitoring, evaluation and reporting requirements for farm funding schemes.

Big questions remain on farm funding 

The Agriculture and Rural Communities Bill made some important steps in the right direction. But major questions remain about the extent to which public spending on farming will support methods that help restore nature and tackle climate change.

The Farm for Scotland’s Future campaign called for a much higher proportion of the farming budget to be directed to these goals that are so important for everyone.

At the time of writing in May 2025, Scottish government announcements to date suggest that the distribution of funding will not be substantially different from the current system and will not enable farmers and crofters to make the changes required to reduce climate emissions and restore nature. However, the government has said that this is the start of a process and that the new system will evolve over time.

The organisations behind the Farm for Scotland’s Future campaign are continuing to push, both through their own work and through Scottish Environment LINK’s Food and Farming Group, for a system that supports and incentivises sustainable farming and is fair for farmers and crofters.

Our campaign helped to shift the debate, showing that people want farmers and crofters to be supported to meet the huge challenges we face in the transition to a more sustainable society. There’s a long way to go to make Scottish farming work for nature, climate and people, but the journey has begun.

 

Top image credit: Andy Hay (rspb-images.com)

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